HCN-1 channel blocker
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 1 blocker
- ↓ Ih hyperpolarization-activated cation current
- ↓ rhythmic and dendritic excitability
- Contributes to the action of several anesthetics and alpha-2 agonists
Drugs with this mechanism (15)
- Bupivacaine — Long-acting local anesthetic; cardiotoxic if given intravascularly.
- Clonidine — Central alpha-2 agonist for hypertension, ADHD and withdrawal; sedation and rebound.
- Clonidine ER — Extended-release central alpha-2 agonist for ADHD; sedation and rebound hypertension limit it.
- Desflurane — Volatile anesthetic with rapid on/off; airway irritant.
- Dexmedetomidine — Alpha-2 agonist sedative giving cooperative sedation without respiratory depression.
- Esketamine — Intranasal NMDA antagonist for treatment-resistant depression; REMS, in-clinic dosing.
- Isoflurane — Potent, inexpensive volatile anesthetic for maintenance; slower emergence than newer agents.
- Ketamine — Dissociative NMDA antagonist anesthetic; rapid antidepressant at subanesthetic doses.
- Lidocaine topical — Topical amide local anesthetic — patch, jelly, ointment; the patch treats localized neuropathic pain.
- Lidocaine injection — Injectable sodium-channel blocker for local anesthesia and ventricular arrhythmias.
- Mepivacaine — Amide local anesthetic with little vasodilation; useful without epinephrine.
- Norquetiapine — Quetiapine's active metabolite, and the source of the norepinephrine reuptake block and muscarinic blockade the parent lacks.
- Clonidine ER suspension — Extended-release clonidine liquid for ADHD; sedation and rebound hypertension shape use.
- Propofol — The dominant IV anesthetic; rapid, smooth, with a lipid emulsion vehicle.
- Sevoflurane — The most-used inhaled anesthetic; pleasant for mask induction.
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