L-type CCB
L-type calcium channel blocker
- ↓ Ca²⁺ entry in vascular smooth muscle → vasodilation
- Cardiac L-type block → ↓ AV conduction, heart rate and contractility
- Dihydropyridines are vessel-selective; non-dihydropyridines are cardiac-selective
- Dihydropyridines (DHPs)
- Non-dihydropyridines
Drugs with this mechanism (14)
- Amlodipine — Long-acting dihydropyridine CCB for hypertension and angina; ankle edema often limits it.
- Clevidipine — Ultra-short IV dihydropyridine for acute blood-pressure control.
- Diltiazem — Non-dihydropyridine CCB for rate control and blood pressure.
- Diltiazem ER — Extended-release non-DHP CCB for hypertension/angina; bradycardia and CYP3A4 interactions.
- Etripamil — Self-administered nasal L-type calcium-channel blocker for terminating paroxysmal SVT.
- Felodipine — Dihydropyridine CCB antihypertensive; grapefruit interaction.
- Isradipine — Shorter-acting dihydropyridine CCB for hypertension; edema and reflex tachycardia limit use.
- Nicardipine — IV/oral dihydropyridine CCB for acute hypertension.
- Nifedipine — Prototypical dihydropyridine CCB; avoid immediate-release use for rapid blood-pressure lowering.
- Nifedipine ER (GITS) — Long-acting dihydropyridine calcium-channel blocker; edema is the common limit.
- Nimodipine — Oral dihydropyridine CCB that improves neurologic outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
- Nisoldipine — Food-sensitive dihydropyridine CCB for hypertension; largely displaced by amlodipine.
- Verapamil — Non-dihydropyridine CCB for rate control; constipation, negative inotropy.
- Verapamil ER — Extended-release non-dihydropyridine calcium-channel blocker for hypertension and rate control.
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