Pronunciation: sit-a-GLIP-tin (ja-NYOO-vee-a)
Mechanism of action: Sitagliptin ballicule
Visual mnemonic: Sitagliptin mascot
“Sittin-gliptin, That’s Januvia – Sittin’ down would behoove ya”
What it isDPP-4 inhibitor that raises endogenous incretin signaling; type 2 diabetes.
Why this oneIt has the longest clinical track record in its class and broad renal use with dose adjustment.
What limits itGlucose lowering is modest with no cardiovascular benefit; pancreatitis, severe arthralgia, and bullous pemphigoid are rare.
Molecular structure: Sitagliptin
FDA-approved for
FDA label
Read the full label on DailyMed ↗
| FDA dosing | Population | Start | Target | Max |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | Adults | 100 mg QD | 100 mg QD | 100 mg QD |
Renal eGFR 30–<45: 50 mg QD; eGFR <30 or ESRD on dialysis: 25 mg QD
Hepatic Undefined
Instructions
- Take with or without food
- Assess renal function before initiation and periodically
Available strengths
- tab 25, 50, 100 mg
- sol 25 mg/mL
Cautions
- Pancreatitis (incl. hemorrhagic/necrotizing)
- Heart failure
- Acute renal failure
- Hypoglycemia with concomitant insulin or insulin secretagogues
- Hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis, angioedema, Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
- Severe and disabling arthralgia
- Bullous pemphigoid
Adverse reactions
- Upper respiratory tract infection
- Nasopharyngitis
- Headache
- Hypoglycemia (with sulfonylurea or insulin)
Pregnancy Limited human data insufficient to determine drug-associated risk
Lactation No human data; present in rat milk
Cost
Sitagliptin (JANUVIA)
What pharmacies pay · NADAC 9/30/26
| Strength | | #/mo | generic $/mo | CostPlus |
|---|
| 25 mg | tab | 30 qd | $104.08 | offered |
| 50 mg | tab | 30 qd | $110.51 | offered |
| 100 mg | tab | 30 qd | $113.13 | offered |
Generic entry2026
Principal riskLittle; rare pancreatitis and arthralgia
Classes and tags
Clinical profile
Therapeutic safety burden2 / 4
Overdose danger2 / 4
Weight-gain liability0 / 4
Sedation liability0 / 4
QT / Torsades0 / 4
Direct muscarinic antagonism0 / 4
Embryofetal risk0 / 4
Legacy pregnancy categoryMultiple / indication-, trimester- or formulation-dependent
Defining liabilityAgent-specific hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, volume, renal or gastrointestinal toxicity.
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Memory aids: interaction avatars
Box: minimal PK interactions
Open Sitagliptin in the interactive console ↗