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Melatonin

CIRCADIN

Melatonin ballicule: receptor binding, kinetics and half-life diagram
Mechanism of action: Melatonin ballicule
Melatonin CIRCADIN mascot mnemonic cartoon
Visual mnemonic: Melatonin mascot
“Meltin’ Tony”

What it isPineal hormone acting at MT1 and MT2 receptors; sleep timing.

Why this oneIts strongest role is circadian phase-shifting, where timing matters more than simply increasing the dose.

What limits itSupplement content may not match the label; verify the product, and adjust timing or stop if next-day sedation occurs.

Melatonin molecular structure (skeletal formula)
Molecular structure: Melatonin

Off-label

FDA label

FDA dosingPopulationStartTargetMax
Dietary supplement (sleep)Adult1 tablet QHS1 tablet QHS

Renal Undefined

Hepatic Undefined

Instructions

Available strengths

Pregnancy Undefined

Lactation Undefined

Cost

Melatonin (CIRCADIN)
Strength#/mogeneric $/moCostPlus
1 mgtab30 qdnot offered
3 mgtab30 qdnot offered
5 mgtab30 qdnot offered
10 mgtab30 qdnot offered
NADAC is a voluntary CMS survey of what retail community pharmacies pay for the drugs they stock. Melatonin is dispensed outside retail pharmacies, so it rarely appears on surveyed invoices.

NO BOXED WARNINGS

Principal riskUnregulated content; doses in use far exceed physiological

Classes and tags

Clinical profile

Therapeutic safety burden1 / 4
Overdose danger1 / 4
Weight-gain liability0 / 4
Sedation liability0 / 4
QT / Torsades0 / 4
Direct muscarinic antagonism0 / 4
Embryofetal risk1 / 4

Legacy pregnancy categoryNot assigned — OTC/monograph

Defining liabilityGenerally tolerated at therapeutic doses; clinically important risks are agent-specific and increase with interactions or organ impairment.

Open Melatonin in the interactive console ↗

Memory aids: interaction avatars

Melatonin CYP1A2 substrate avatar mnemonic
CYP1A2 substrate

Open Melatonin in the interactive console ↗